BAMRO

Belgium’s Recognition of Palestine: A Human Rights Perspective on the Right to Self-Determination

On 2 September 2025, Belgium announced its recognition of the State of Palestine, along with sanctions against Israel. While this decision might initially appear as a matter of foreign policy or diplomatic balance, its essence lies in a fundamental human right: the right of peoples to self-determination, as enshrined in international human rights instruments, most prominently the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966).

Self-Determination as a Fundamental Right

Article 1 of the Covenant clearly states:

“All peoples have the right of self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.”[^1]

This principle is not rhetorical; it constitutes a jus cogens norm of international law. Among the peoples long denied this right, the Palestinian people stand as a striking example, living under occupation, settlement expansion, blockade, and systematic violations of their fundamental rights.

Belgium’s Recognition: Beyond Politics

Belgium’s decision should not be read solely through a political lens; it is a legal and human rights act. Recognizing Palestine:

Reaffirms the legitimacy of Palestinians’ demand for an independent state.
Serves as a tool to confront Israeli policies that violate international humanitarian law.
Reflects Belgium’s obligations under the Covenant and the Geneva Conventions to protect civilians in occupied territories.[^2]

Belgium and International Responsibility

This decision highlights Belgium’s moral and legal responsibility in upholding human rights. At a time when international politics often downplay human rights in favor of economic or strategic interests, Belgium sets a commendable precedent by placing rights at the heart of its foreign policy.

A Salute to Belgium

We salute the Belgian state for this historic decision. It reflects not only adherence to international law but also respect for human dignity and the Palestinian people’s right to live freely and securely.

Conclusion

Recognizing Palestine is not merely a political gesture—it is an affirmation of core human rights, foremost among them the right to self-determination. Belgium’s decision marks a significant step toward justice and reminds the world that international law must be a living instrument, serving peoples rather than power.

References:

[^1]: Article 1, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, UN General Assembly Resolution 2200A (XXI), 16 December 1966, entered into force 23 March 1976.

[^2]: Geneva Convention IV relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, 12 August 1949, especially Articles 47–78 on occupied territories.